Changelog

This page contains the changelogs from all releases of Pluto.

0.9.2

This release fixes several regressions made in 0.9.1:

• Fixed failing to compile on aarch64
• Fixed method calls no longer working in ternary expressions even with parentheses
• Fixed walrus operator no longer being usable within unary operator expressions

Furthermore, it improves the walrus operator in regards to disallowing UB and clarifying related error messages.

0.9.1

• Improved try/catch
• Improved parsing of for-as loops
• Deprecated if expressions (if a then b else c) in favor of ternary expressions (a ? b : c)
• Fixed instances of : starting method call when it should delimit ternary expression
• Fixed unreachable-code triggering for non-constant values
• Fixed repeat + continue being able to read uninitialized variables
• Fixed break and continue possibly not closing upvalues
• Fixed continue not working as expected when passing through switch statement
• Fixed switch cases being able to read uninitialized variables
• Fixed inconsistent behavior with safe navigtion method calls and multiple return values
• Fixed walrus operator being able to cause UB or corrupt the stack
• Fixed pipe operator possibly generating incorrect code

Huge thanks to @XmiliaH for reporting the majority of bugs fixed in this update and helping fix them.

0.9.0

• Added $define statement
• Added pipe operator (|>)
• Added compound XOR operator (~=)
• Added optional global keyword and 'implicit-global' warning
• Added @fallthrough annotation and 'unannotated-fallthrough' warning
• Added <nodiscard> function attribute and 'discarded-return' warning
• Added 'field-shadow' warning
• Lambdas can now have full bodies by starting with 'do' (e.g. |a| -> do return a end)
• pluto_use can now also be used via @pluto_use in comments
• new operator now also supports static 'new' function
• Deprecated ** operator (use ^ instead)
• Deprecated let statement (use local instead)
• Deprecated const statement (use local with <const> or $define instead)
• Deprecated <constexpr> attribute (replaced by $define statement)
• Re-added compile-time concat optimization
• Fixed switch cases being able to jump into the scope of a variable
• Fixed being able to set nil as a default argument

Standard library:

• Added '*' library
• Added 'cat' library
• Added 'http' library
• Added 'socket' library
• Added 'xml' library
• Added 'bigint' class
• Added 'scheduler' class
• Added os.platform constant
• Added range function
• Added io.contents function
• Added io.relative function
• Added copying variants of existing functions (table.sorted, table.mapped, table.filtered, table.reversed, table.reordered)
• Added table.size function
• Added table.clear function
• Added table.reduce, table.min, & table.max functions
• Added table.find function
• Added table.checkall function
• Added coroutine.sleep function
• Added crypto.generatekeypair function
• Added crypto.encrypt & crypto.decrypt functions
• Added crypto.sign & crypto.verify functions
• Added crypto.sha1, crypto.sha384, & crypto.sha512 functions
• Added crypto.adler32 function
• Added url.parse function
• Added math.round function
• json.encode now supports __order for objects
• json.decode now has an optional flags parameter, they can be combined via binary OR
  • json.withnull makes it decode JSON nulls as json.null instead of nil
  • json.withorder makes it produce __order field for objects
• coroutines/threads now have a metatable by default
• base64.encode & base32.encode changed padding parameter's default value from false to true (base64.urlencode is unchanged)
• Fixed crypto.fnv1 & crypto.fnv1a producing incorrect hashes for non-ASCII strings

CLI:

• Added '-c' flag to pluto & plutoc to enable compatibility mode

For integrators:

• Added PLUTO_READ_FILE_HOOK & PLUTO_WRITE_FILE_HOOK
• Added PLUTO_HTTP_REQUEST_HOOK
• Removed PLUTO_USE_THROW as we now default to using C++ exceptions for Lua errors to avoid breaking RAII semantics. You can still specify LUA_USE_LONGJMP if you want long jumps.

0.8.2

• Added variable scoping warnings to switch statements to highlight code that will break in 0.9.0
• Improved some error messages
• Fixed base32 & base64 functions not being binary-safe
• Removed compile-time concat optimization because it could produce incorrect results

0.8.1

• Added a specialized error message for local class = etc
• 'exportvar' now prefixes function bytecode with 'load'
• Improved code generation for switch blocks
• Improved "possibly unwanted function call" warning
• Fixed dumpvar & exportvar not handling recursion of sub-tables
• Fixed assert.equal & assert.nequal ignoring extra fields in value2
• Fixed 'until' possibly using a variable from wrong scope due to 'continue'
• Fixed var-shadow warning for named vararg being raised on the wrong line

For integrators:

• Added PLUTO_MEMORY_LIMIT
• Added PLUTO_NO_DEBUGLIB
• Added PLUTO_NO_COROLIB

For a more comprehensive overview of the changes, take a look at the commit log.

0.8.0

• Added switch expressions
• Added shorthand fallthrough syntax for switch statement & expression, e.g. case 1, 2: ...
• Added try...catch statement
• Added spaceship operator (<=>)
• Added safe navigation for method calls: nilable_inst?:method(), inst:nilable_method?(), nilable_inst?:nilable_method?()
• Added optional 'const' keyword as shorthand for local ... <const> [= ...], enabled with pluto_use const.
• Added pluto_use "VERSION+"
• Tables now have a metatable by default ({ __index = _G.table }).
• Added '!' as an alias for 'not'
• Added 'private' modifier for class fields
• Improved 'class' and 'extends' to support indexed names
• Improved 'instanceof' to be usable with more complex expressions
• export now works in all scopes, not just the main body
• Updated in operator on tables to check values instead of keys
• \{ is now a valid escape sequence (for interpolated strings)
• Fixed to-be-closed variables not working in switch cases
• Fixed 'new' not working as expected if it was disabled by the environment and re-enabled by 'pluto_use'
• Fixed 'enum class' not incrementing enumerator values
• Fixed not being able to use expressions such as increment in enum without parentheses
• Added compile-time concat optimization

Warnings:

• Added warning for local attributes used without '<' ... '>'
• Now propagating types for global variables so when their value is assigned to something, mismatches can be detected.
• Added optional global-shadow warning which is like var-shadow but for globals that are especially vulnerable to obscure shadowing bugs (to prevent excessive annoyance).
  • These globals include: arg,string, and table. Integrators can change this via PLUTO_COMMON_GLOBAL_NAMES
  • Global shadow warnings do not apply to localization optimization (i.e, local table = table)
• var-shadow has been improved to check more enclosing scopes
• Improved unreachable-code
• Fixed var-shadow warning for locals used in switch cases despite break
• Added optional non-portable-code, non-portable-bytecode, and non-portable-name warning types
• Warnings can now be promoted to errors, e.g. @pluto_warnings error-all

Standard library:

• Soup is now always linked in, obsoleting _PSOUP
• Added assertion library (see here for more preliminary detail)
• Added url library (encode & decode)
• Added exception class
• Added vector3 class
• Added dumpvar & exportvar
• Added string.truncate
• Added string.replace — a slightly faster, but mostly more straightforward alternative to gsub.
  • Most notably, not burdened by MAX_CAPTURES
• Added string.formatint (supports any BigInt impl that can offer the user a string representation)
  • Also supports any grouping & any separator without concerning locale.
• Added table.filter
• Added table.map
• Added table.reverse
• Added table.reorder
• Added io.currentdir
• Added io.part
• Added io.writetime
• Added math.isnan
• Added compareversions
• Added wcall
• Added math.atan2 as an alias for math.atan
• Added json.null
• io.absolute now has an optional argument to request a canonicalized absolute path
• Updated string.rfind to accept Lua patterns
• Renamed io.copyto to io.copy
• Renamed base64.url_encode & base64.url_decode to base64.urlencode & base64.urldecode
• Deprecated string.find_first_of & string.find_first_not_of in favor of string.find
• Deprecated string.find_last_of & string.find_last_not_of in favor of string.rfind
• Deprecated string.lfind in favor of string.find
• Deprecated crypto.hexdigest in favor of string.format
• Modified require
  • Prioritizes local files now to ensure compatibility. Added require("pluto:libname") to explicitly request pluto libraries if ever needed (normal still works for pluto libraries, we just check for local files first).
• Removed base58

For integrators:

• Added PLUTO_NO_FILESYSTEM - disables all filesystem access (for sandboxing).
• Added PLUTO_WARN_NON_PORTABLE_CODE
• Added PLUTO_WARN_NON_PORTABLE_BYTECODE
• Added PLUTO_WARN_NON_PORTABLE_NAME
• Added PLUTO_NO_BINARIES - disables all dll/so/c module loading (for sandboxing)
• Added luaG_addsrcinfo

Far more information can be found at our documentation: https://pluto-lang.org/

0.7.4

• Fixed unexpected behavior when using a ternary expression inside of an interpolated string
• Fixed table.contains returning 0 instead of the actual key for non-integer key types
• Fixed REPL not recognizing multi-line statements
• Fixed Pluto-injected code corrupting bytecode

For integrators:

• Added PLUTO_LOADCLIB_HOOK

0.7.3

• Updated error semantics of os.remove & os.rename to match Lua's again (return false instead of raising error), Pluto's 'io' versions of these functions remain unchanged
• Fixed extends not copying over metamethods
• Fixed "memory allocation error: block too big" when parsing --[[]]
• Fixed allowing function calls to primitives, causing ambiguities with exprstat after assignment
• Fixed string.upper & string.lower delimiting on '\0'
• Some other improvements and bugfixes

0.7.2

• String interpolation now allows nested strings
• Improved "unreachable code" warning
• Improved some error messages
• Fixed string interpolation not working with string call syntax
• Fixed rare issues with 'new', 'extends' and 'instanceof' operators

0.7.1

• Fixed string interpolation not working with single-quoted strings after 0.7.0
• Fixed os.sleep disregarding execution time limit
• Fixed scripts being able to go past execution time limit with coroutines

0.7.0

• Added table destructuring (local '{' NAME [= FIELD][, ...] '}' '=' TABLE)
• Added array destructuring (local '[' NAME[, ...] ']' '=' TABLE)
• Added pluto_use <* | version | token> [= false] to toggle non-compatible keywords
• Added pluto_use let [= false] to toggle 'let' alias for 'local'
• Added ++ statement
  • Also supports ++t.prop
• Added constructor promotion
• Added compile-time conditionals
• Improved class expression & statement
  • Now supports property declaration without value
  • Now supports type hints (currently without warnings)
  • Now supports access modifiers (currently without warnings or errors)
  • Can now optionally use 'begin' before body
• Improved string interpolation to support any expression, not just variable names
• Improved type hints to support alternatives, e.g. string|int
• Named arguments may now be used in conjunction with positional arguments
• Improved 'new' expression to support direct member access into the table it created, e.g. print(new Human("John").name)
• 'new' may now also be used as a statement
• Fixed loading of precompiled code from files with non-Latin path on Windows
• Fixed behavior of 'in' expression when used on a temporary table

Out-of-the-box Compatibility:

• 'parent' may now be overwritten via local or parameter name
• All reserved identifiers can now be used with shorthand table syntax and goto

Standard library:

• Added coroutine.xresume

For integrators:

• Added PLUTO_USE_LET

More detailed documentation can be found here.

0.6.3

• Defaults arguments now produce Lua-compatible bytecode
• Fixed default arguments not working for methods
• Fixed named arguments, etc. not working for upvalue functions
• Fixed 'in' expression for when right-hand operand is nested table
• Fixed 'in' expression being too greedy in consuming righthand operand

For integrators:

• Added PLUTO_LUA_LINKABLE

0.6.2

• Optional Parentheses now works for table types and with chained "suffix expressions"
• Fixed new overwriting user-defined __index
• Fixed infinite recursion with multi-level parent calls
• Fixed some other small issues

Performance:

• Optimized lua_insert, lua_remove, & lua_replace (Optimization by @gottfriedleibniz)
• Optimized luaO_ceillog2 (Inspired by @gottfriedleibniz)
• Enabled Lua's jump table for clang build as well
• Fixed a VM performance regression introduced by Pluto

0.6.1

• Improved suggestions (for when using plutoc with the language server)
• Optimized switch statement code generation (now omits cases leading to default case)
• Fixed producing syntax error when 'case' or 'default' is used outside of switch
• Fixed using 'export' outside of global scope not producing an error
• Fixed some confusing error messages
• Pulled in the latest Lua changes so some Lua bugs are now fixed

0.6.0

• Added <constexpr> attribute to force locals to be compile-time constants
• Added $expr syntax for compile-time evaluation of select functions
• Added export [NAME=VALUE | function | class] syntax
• Added named arguments (name=value in funcargs)
• Added named varargs (...NAME), automatically puts the varargs into a table with the given name
• A subset of Soup is now vendored with Pluto so standard library features that rely on it should now be more viable
• Removed deprecated "pluto_case" and "pluto_default" keywords
• Removed when statement

Enums:

• Added ENUM.ENUMERATOR syntax for named enums
  • Added ENUM CLASS NAME ... syntax to force usage of this syntax
• Added enum reflection for named enums (:names(), :values(), :kvmap(), :vkmap())

Object-oriented programming:

• Added new TABLE(...) syntax (creates new table, sets TABLE as its metatable + __index, calls :__construct(...) if exists)
• Added 'class' statement & expression (similar to table but without need for ',' or ';' after properties and functions)
  • 'class' and 'local class' statements also support extends NAME which sets __parent property and metatable with __index
  • Added static function NAME for use within table constructor/class definition (equal to NAME = function)
• Added 'parent' expression
  • parent.PROP -> self.__parent.PROP
  • parent:METHOD(...) -> self.__parent.METHOD(self, ...)
• Added TABLE instanceof METATABLE operator

Type hints:

• Added 'int' & 'float' type hints (more restrictive than 'number')
• Added 'void' type hint for function return type

Standard library:

• Added utonumber, utostring, & string.uformat
• Added instanceof(TABLE, METATABLE)

For integrators upgrading to Pluto 0.6.0:

• Consider defining PLUTO_COMPATIBLE_NEW, PLUTO_COMPATIBLE_CLASS, PLUTO_COMPATIBLE_PARENT & PLUTO_COMPATIBLE_EXPORT so 'new', 'class', 'parent' & 'export' will not be reserved keywords just yet, instead 'pluto_new', 'pluto_class', 'pluto_parent' & 'pluto_export' can be used.

More detailed documentation can be found here.

0.5.4

• Default arguments now support tables
• Pluto now supports building with C ABI so you can replace Lua's shared library with Pluto's without needing to change the program
• Fixed return before case or default causing a syntax error
• Fixed access violation on lua_close with strings as default parameters

0.5.3

• Default arguments now support compile-time constant variables, unary -, and pseudo-unary +
• Re-added os.remove & os.rename because they originated in Lua and should not have been removed
• Fixed some instances of errors not providing a code snippet and reporting the wrong line
• Fixed enumerators being limited to 32-bit values
• Fixed warning disable/enable being global-only
• Removed if-goto optimisation due to various edge cases where goto is not executed

0.5.2

• Enum statement: Now supports compile-time constant variables when setting value
• Fixed require, dofile, etc. not taking UTF-8 encoded paths on Windows
• Fixed pluto & plutoc not being able to execute files with foreign names on Windows

0.5.1

• Enum Statement: Now supports unary - and pseudo-unary + when setting value
• Replaced locals limit with registers limit so you can have more compile-time constants
• Fixed Pluto's IO functions not taking UTF-8 encoded paths
• Fixed UB when emitting unfinished string error, possibly resulting in an access violation

0.5.0

• Added "for ITERABLE as VALUE" loop
• Added $-strings (string interpolation)
• Added prefix ++ operator
• Added support for binary number literals.
• Added C-style enums
• Added _PSOUP global
• Updated package.path to look for .pluto files in working directory by default
• Deprecated "pluto_case" and "pluto_default" (now "case" and "default", respectively)
• Removed what was deprecated in 0.4.0 (sleep -> os.sleep, os.remove -> io.remove, os.rename -> io.rename)
• Added execution time limit (optional, must be enabled in luaconf.h)
• Added content moderation

Standard Library:

• Added io.makedirs

Standard Library (Soup):

• Added base64
• Added base58
• Added base32
• Added json

0.4.5

• Improved wording of some warning & error messages
• Fixed excessive "duplicate local declaration" warnings
• Cherry-picked some Lua commits, so the following Lua bugs are now fixed:
  • 'break' may not properly close variable in a 'for' loop
  • error message in 'table.remove'
  • 'utf8.codes' accepts spurious continuation bytes
  • Negation in constant folding of '>>' may overflow
  • stack overflow with nesting of coroutine.close

0.4.4

• Added math.rand as an alias for math.random
• Changed unknown type hint to be warning instead of error
• Reverted table.insert optimation due to unexpected behavior
• Some minor tweaks

0.4.3

• Improved most error messages, and vastly improved the internal code for them.
• These reserved tokens can be used as identifiers outside of their functional context: default, case
• Optimized the performance of table.insert. Roughly 3x faster, but still slightly slower than t[#t + 1]
• Pluto can now be built using Sun.

0.4.2

• Fixes a regression introduced in Pluto 0.4.1 that prevented the walrus operator from working within lambda functions that are passed as function arguments

0.4.1

• Updated lexer to tokenise in a separate pass
  • This fixes Pluto's error messages sometimes not showing the full line
• Disallowed use of the walrus operator within a function call because it was found to be more janky than expected

0.4.0

Additions:

• Walrus Operator
• Default parameters for functions.
• New standard library: lcryptlib, for various hash algorithms and cryptographic PRNGs.
• New warnings:
  • Unreachable code.
  • Too many function arguments.

Improvements:

• Switch case may now use variables.
• Shorthand ternary syntax from C/C++.
• Warnings can be configured with comments.
• Improved performance of some common arithmetic algorithms.
• VM Dumping has been rewritten for superb runtime detail on all opcodes, their arguments, their results, etc.
• string.upper & string.lower take a second parameter indicating a specific index to change. Absence of this parameter preserves default behavior.

0.3.2

Improvements:

• io.copyto will now overwrite existing files instead of throwing an exception.
• Improve error handling of other exception-prone IO functions.

0.3.1

Bugfix:

• String.split would previously invoke an infinite loop when an empty string is used as the delimiter.

0.3.0

Additions:

• Inlined method creation.
• STR in STR expressions.
• KEY in INDEXABLE expressions.
• Generalized iteration, no need for pairs.
• io.listdir
• Reserved keywords as valid fields.
• Null-coalescing operator (w/ compound operator).
• continue N & break N for manipulating outer loops.
• Optional type-hinting, with parser warnings.
• Safe accessor navigation, to avoid "attempt to index nil" errors for deeply nested fields.

Changes:

• table.contains now returns an index if found and nil otherwise (previously returned true or false).

Improvements:

• Switch no longer has syntactic restrictions
• Greater switch performance

Documentation for the new changes can be found here.

0.2.2

• Fixes a bug with the continue keyword

0.2.1

• Added VM Dump
• Implemented long jump optimisation

0.2.0

• Added compile-time warnings for duplicate local declarations
• Added optional ANSI color sequences in various error & warning messages
• Added support for ternary expressions
• Added continue statement
• Added Table Freezing / Immutability
• Added Switch/Case statements
• Added user_data to global_State
• Added !=
• Added compatibility mode
• Added table.contains
• Added new time functions to os api
• Added negative string indexing
• Added compound concatenation operator
• Added new string functions
• Added portable jumptable implementation that can be optionally enabled
• Added REPEAT .. WHEN loop support
• Added new IO library functions
• Added _PVERSION
• Implemented table length cache optimisation (2x speedup)
• Implemented optional parentheses around string literals for method invocation
• Increased local variable limit from 200 to 249
• Rebased with Lua for latest bugfixes

0.1.0

Initial version.

Notable features:

• Lambda expressions
• Arbitrary character insertion in numeral literals
• Many compound operators
• ** exponent operator